township and range rectangular survey grid system illustrating a parcel

The first time that the south line of the state of Missouri was run on the ground, the survey party, led by Joseph C. There are many places in the world where north shifts locally, based on nearby magnetic attractors, such as iron deposits. Magnetic north can also be affected by local attractions. We are currently at +2°, based on personal observations. In central Missouri, magnetic north has varied from +8° to -2°, based on what I have seen in the records, so far. Magnetic North – Although magnetic north is simple and convenient, it can be very troublesome, because magnetic north changes over time. I have seen it vary by as much as 45° from geodetic north. “Northerly” North – This is the north that is commonly used when a general orientation to the world is needed. “True” north – True North is a general term.

These are only a few of definitions available. A quick review of some of the following definitions of “north” will help you to understand the confusion and avoid some of the possible pitfalls. Unless north is clearly defined, assume that north is probably and generally in a northerly direction. When “north is mentioned, surveyors immediately ask which north? There are many definitions of north and those definitions may or may not mathematically relate to other definitions. Measuring and measurement calculations were taught as part of math lessons, with deed reading as part of both reading and math lessons.Ī common point of confusion in surveying is the term “north”. Here I will try to describe how to follow the more common and easily understood descriptions.Īn interesting historical note is that in the U.S., Many school systems used to teach basic land surveying and description reading as part of the public education curriculum. While the more common and basic descriptions can be followed with a little basic education, it takes years of education and experience to understand the details of the more complex descriptions. There are numerous variations of descriptions, ranging from the very simple to the extremely complicated.

They define the limits of what is being conveyed, saying where you have rights (and obligations) over real property. They are a necessary part of every deed, right-of-way, written easement and other types of conveyance of property rights. Property descriptions are found in many places and documents.

Township and range rectangular survey grid system illustrating a parcel